July 2, 2011
[reference] jingle Memorize the hardest thing to learn English clause
This article refers to the star Ye jingle Memorize the hardest thing to learn English from the sentence
[attributive clause] attributive clause jingle
1. set from the classification secret, limited, non-limit to see a comma;
must first set before the word, the name on behalf of the two most suitable;
set very close from the first two terms on behalf of Vice-Latin America relations;
relative pronoun six Listen to me one by one is broken;
which table objects people who figure to have that care;
which after the comma, Yibiao the previous sentence, you want to know and look after not only;
who do the subject very competently, whom used where the object;
3.that usage is really interesting, it does not go two places;
comma behind it go, do not take into account after the preposition;
interesting at all which representations, the difference between listen to me to describe;
first uncertain on behalf of, that put which kick; < br />
before the first word of the two with that given correct;
first word before the most senior, and that will undoubtedly;
sentence if so be there, that should be which for;
first main predicative, to avoid a repeat clause;
(Just the only very same the last, followed by also with that 
5. means available to that who, following many cases who;
Those people do in the structure of the first, There be;
first refers to the indefinite-generation, from the shots who want to;
two fixed from one up, do not repeat your talented;
determined from the less attributive, whose sing for you;
Whose person, after referring to things, affiliations, to remember.
7.As/which at the end of the sentence, if negation as wrong;
sentence only as there are cognitive guess the word;
< br /> fixed structure with as the same / such / so / as;
So / such … that the guests leave, so / such … as guests to be abandoned;
relative pronoun here, guest of honor at the table given the role of starting;
relative pronouns do object, the Province and the province thanks to you;
relationship adverbs when / where / why, from which the like Mo slack;
time when the reasons why, locations where often;
between adverbs can be replaced, the preposition plus relationship on behalf of;
relations on behalf of, the relationship on behalf of that and who want to except;
selection of the preposition to be smart, must see the verb and the first;
s wisdom. />
relationship,
it live, it could not play cool, the relative pronoun;
10. only remember above can not be special circumstances, to tell you;
first way to do adverbial, in which / that / a little can;
the one to do first of complex from the predicate complex that
the one if it only / very, from predicate scheduled with a single;
from the name from the convertible all that was what to change;
attributive clause jingle piecewise analytic:
1. given classification secret, limit unrestricted see a comma;
< br /> attributive clause is divided into two categories: restrictive clauses and non-restrictive clauses, to distinguish between them there are two criteria: 1) From the content point of view, restrictive clauses and that it modified first words closely, can not remove, removed, the meaning would not be complete; non-restrictive clauses only add that the role of the antecedent from the remove does not affect the integrity of the sentence. 2) From the formal point of view, restrictive attributive clause and the antecedent comma-separated, non-restrictive attributive clause and the antecedent separated by commas. Please see listen:
of The girl Who is wearing a blue necklace is, Mary (restricted)
The girl, who is also a student, is planting trees if in the field (unrestricted)
the first sentence of the Resolution: Who is wearing a blue necklace is restrictive attributive clause, no comma, not remove it, otherwise the meaning is incomplete.
set must have antecedent name on behalf of the two most suitable;
listen:
1) There is somebody here who wants to speak to you.
someone to talk to you.
2) Those who were for the plan raised their hands.
those in favor of the plan raised his hand.
3) This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
This novel is very moving, I e read it three times.
Resolution: listen in somebody, those pronouns novel is a noun, attributive clause to modify the word, is called the antecedent, can do the first word is two types of nouns and pronouns.
set from the first very closely the words of the Acting Deputy Latin America;
attributive clause after the antecedent, connected, and the antecedent of the word, called the relationship between words. The relationship between word into two categories: the relative pronoun and the relationship between adverbs. The relationship between words to pay attention to two things: 1) its person, number and mean exactly the same as in the antecedent, 2) the relationship between words in attributive clause sentence.
listen 1) The boys who are playing for football are from the Class One.
boys playing soccer in one class.
resolution: who = boys, in the attributive clause subject, so the subsequent predicate use are.
listen 2) Football is a game which is liked by the most boys.
football favorite sport of most boys.
Resolution: which = game, attributive clause subject.
listen 3) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
I still remember the first time to the school that day.
Resolution: when is a relationship adverb = on the day, the time adverbial attributive clause.
listen 4) of The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
Ten years ago, I live in the house has been torn down.
Resolution: where is the relationship between an adverb = in the house, location adverbial attributive clause.
listen 5) Please tell me the reason we sang together you missed the plane.
Please tell me you did not catch the reason of the aircraft.
Resolution: why is the relationship between an adverb = for the reason, a reason adverbial attributive clause.
2. relative pronoun six, listen to me one by one is broken;
six relative pronouns: that / which / who / whom / whose / as, pay attention to the relationship The guest of honor at the table attributive pronouns in attributive clause.
which things people who, the characters have that care;
antecedent matter, relative pronoun which can also be used that; antecedent is the relationship between pronouns who, also can use that; both people and things in the antecedent, the relative pronoun can only be that.
listen 1) This is the mountain village (which / that) I visited last year.
This is the mountain village I visited last year.
Resolution: antecedent mountain village is material available which or that,
attributive clause in the visit after missing object, which that should be scheduled from doing object , so it can be omitted.
listen 2) The man (that / whom / who) you met just now is my friend.
you just see that person is my friend.
Resolution: the antecedent of the man the table, the relationship between word you can use who / that / whom, because of the missing object, attributive clause the relative pronoun should be in the attributive clause object, so it can be omitted; whom is designed to do object used, but who is just in the spoken language before use.
listen 3) This magazine belongs to the teacher Who (that) teaches us history.
This magazine is a history teacher.
Resolution: the first word teacher is the relative pronoun who or that subject because he failed to do so can not be omitted.
listen 4) He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited.
he spoke he saw the teacher and the school.
Resolution: the antecedent of the teachers and schools in both human and material, the relative pronoun can only use that
that he failed to object, so and can be omitted.
which the comma after Yibiao the preceding sentence, you know;
This is the use of which use non-restrictive clauses.
listen 1) He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
not seem to grasp what I mean, it makes me upset.
Resolution: which is the relative pronoun refers to the generation of the front of a word: he did not seem to seize what I mean.
listen 2) Liquid water on changes to vapor,, which is called evaporation.
liquid water into steam, which is called evaporation.
Resolution: which is the relative pronoun to refer to the previous sentence: liquid water into steam.
who do the subject is very competent, whom used where the object;
The first word is a word that represents the people, the attributive clause if the lack of subject relative pronoun, use who do formal occasions, with whom, if the object is missing, the spoken language can also be used who.
listen 1) He is the boy who often goes to school late.
he is that are often late for school boys.
Resolution: a person of the antecedent of the boy, missing from the back of the attributive clause subject, the relative pronoun Who.
listen 2) She is the old woman whom the I saw the this a morning.
I see this morning the old lady.
Resolution: the antecedent of the old woman a person, object missing from the back of the attributive clause, so with whom spoken who.
3.that usage is really interesting, the two places that it did not;
comma behind it does not go, do not take into account after the preposition;
That as a relative pronoun is not available in non-restrictive clauses, that can not be used in a comma behind; attributive clause intermediary can not be used after the word. After the comma or preposition when referring to things which, when a person use who or whom.
listen 1) They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______ sat a small boy. which
A. whom B. who C. The D. The that
< br /> parse: the preposition of referring to things, select C, which
listen 2) The engineer with _____ my father works is about 50 years old.
A. The whose B. The who C. which D. whom
listen 3) The letter – is from my sister, ______ is working in Beijing.
A. which B. The that C. The whom D. The who
Resolution: select D Who. After the comma refers to the attributive clause subject.
interesting at all which represent material difference to listen to me to describe;
first uncertain on behalf of, that put which kick;
When the first Words can only use “that” anything, everything, nothing, all, and any, much, many, the one and other indefinite pronouns,
do not “which”.
cases: Is there anything that I can do for you? I can give you something to do?
before the first word number two, with that given correct;
When the first word is modification of the base word or ordinal, use only “that” instead of ” which “.
listen: That is the second time that I have been to Japan, it is the second time I went to Japan.
The two buildings that lay on the River the Thames fell down last week.
that two buildings located in the banks of the Thames last week collapsed.
the antecedent ago most advanced, that will undoubtedly;
When the first word is the most advanced modification of the superlative adjective or adjective, use only “that” not “which.”
listen: This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.
This is the best time I spent.
sentence, if there be, that should be which for;
cases: There is the is no evidence that animals possess a mysterious sixth-sense
allowing them to predicting svm – predict natural disasters. that animals possess a mysterious sixth sense to predict natural disasters, this is unfounded.
do predicative in the first main, to avoid a repeat clause;
listen: 1) This is not the hospital that it used to be.
This is no longer before the tall hospital.
2) Mr. by Thomson is not the man that he was
Mr. Thomson is no longer before him.
Resolution: the antecedent of the attributive clause in the main sentence predicative.
listen: Which is the course that we are to take?
us to learn which of course?
Resolution: sentence already which, the back is no longer used which, to avoid repeat that.
(Just the only very same the last, and subsequently also with that
antecedent before the Just, the only, very, same, last and other words, the relationship between pronoun that, not which.
listen: 1) The North Pole is the only place that you can see the polar bears.
Arctic is the only place to see polar bears.
2) This is the same bike that he lost.
This is what he lost in that bike.
a distinction:
3) This is the same bike as he the lost.
bike and he lost the bike. (But not)
5. Refers to the people available that who, following many cases who;
Those people do in the structure of the first, There be;
listen:
1) Those who are for the plan, please The raise your hands.
in favor of the plan please raise your hands.
2) People who create computer viruses in are called hackers.
manufacture of computer viruses known as hackers.
3) There was once a little boy who came to the net bar to play games every
night.
There was a little boy night to Internet cafes to play games. indefinite-generation first person
from shots who want to;
first word refers to human indefinite pronoun one, someone, anyone, nobody, words, or refer to The people of the relative pronoun as subject in the attributive clause, use who
instead of that.
listen:
1) Nobody who knows a little scientific knowledge will believe you.
know a little scientific knowledge will not believe you the case.
resolution: nobody refers to human indefinite pronoun, who, without that.
2) The thief who pretended to be a manager was caught stealing a car.
thief dressed as a manager in the car theft when caught red-handed.
Resolution: Who is the person to do the subject the attributive clause.
two set up from one, do not repeat your talented;
an antecedent of two attributive clauses, relative pronouns to avoid duplication.
A plant that can cure diseases, which was known by the ancient Chinese
is called Chinese herbal medicine. a treatment ancient Chinese well-known plant, called traditional Chinese medicine.
6. set from being less attributive, whose sing;
Whose person, after referring to things, affiliations, to remember.
Whose is a relative pronoun, in the attributive attributive clause, indicating that the ownership relationship between people and objects or things and things, in particular, to note that between things relations with whose.
listen 1) Is there anyone in your the class whose family is in the country?
Resolution: anyone antecedent, whose = anyone in the attributive clause attributive .
listen 2) Pass, to me the book whose cover is red.
Resolution: the book is the antecedent of the book, whose = , attributive attributive clause.
7.As/which the end of the sentence, if negative as wrong;
as and which can refer to in front of a word, see listen:
1) Alice received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise.
Alice by her boss invitation, which made her surprised.
2) The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could
the expect.
weather changed for the better with the results, which We did not expect to.
if denied as wrong;
3) The result of the experiment was very good, _______ we hadn expected.
A. when B. The that C. which D. The what
[Brief Analysis] The answer is C. As non-restrictive attributive clause is no structure, only with which to guide and can not be used as an alternative which.
sentence can only be used as there are cognitive guess words;
at the beginning of the sentence, the non-restrictive attributive clause can only be used as guide. For example:
of As is known to everybody, the moon travels, the round the earth once every
month.
As we all know, the moon around the earth once a month .
said cognitive guess the word, such as know the expect, see, report, and when used, use as
1) As we know, smoking is harmful to one health.
We know that smoking is harmful to health.
2) As is expected, and his daughter entered a key university.
As one would expect, his daughter was admitted to a major university.
fixed structure as, the same / such / so / as;
1) in the same … as … structure. Which means “like … the same. For example:
Chongqing is not the same city as we have seen in other places.
The
Chongqing and we have seen in other parts of the city.
a distinction: the same …. that …. Look at listen:
This is the same pen that I lost what I lost pen. (The same)
This is the same pen as I lost the pen and I lost that support. (Not a)
2) as … as the structure, meaning “like … like”. For example:
No period in history has had as many important changes _______ have
taken place in the past century. No historical stages such as the past century, there are so many major changes.
3) in such … as … structure, which means “like that”. For example:
Mathilde had to work hard day and night and bought such a diamond
necklace as she had lost to pay back to Jeanne.
Mathilde had day and night work, to buy a like she lost a diamond necklace back to let.
So / such … that the guests leave, so / such … as guests to be abandoned;
guide that after so / such … that the structure is not attributive clause adverbial clauses, but clauses must have the object;
as guided in the structure so / such … as is the attributive clause, the clause does not take an object.
For example:
1) He studies in such a good school that all other students in his village
admire him.
< br /> as good a school to learn that other students in the village are the envy of him.
resolve the: that after the adverbial clause, the adverbial clause in the object him.
2) He studies in such a good school as all other students in his village
admire.
he was as good a school learning, other students of the village are the envy of the school.
Resolution: as after the attributive clause, as instead of the antecedent of school, and do admire the object in the attributive clause.
8. relative pronoun here, the guest of honor at the table from the given role;
relative pronouns do object, the Province and the province thanks to you;
So far, we have learned a total of six relative pronoun, namely: which, that, who, whom, whose, as
these relative pronouns in attributive clause can be done subject, object predicative and attributive relative pronoun which / that / whom do object, can be omitted.
relationship adverbs when / where / why, from do like Mo slacken;
time when the reasons why the location where often;
there are three adverbs of relationship in the attributive clause: when, where and why, in the attributive clause, respectively, for the time, place and reason adverbial. when to refer to time,
where refers to the place of why Table reason. For example:
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
I still remember the day I first go to Beijing.
The the factory the where his father works.
his father factory in the western suburbs of the city is in the west of the city.
That is the reason why I did the job.
That is why I do this live reason.
relationship adverbs can replace the preposition plus the relationship on behalf of;
relationship adverb from the preposition with which to replace. For example:
1) This is the house where (in which) I lived two years ago.
Sentence, where = in which
2) Do you remember the day when (on which) you joined our club?
sentence, when = on which
3) This is the reason why (for which) he came late.
sentence, reason for which
relations on behalf of the relationship on behalf of, that and who except;
selection of the preposition to be smart, must see the verb and the first;
preposition can be used after the relative pronoun, but can only use to which or whom can not use that
and who . This preposition is how to select? First, you can look at the verb in the attributive clause; Second, you can look at the antecedent. For example:
1) The pain from which the poor suffered in this area has attracted the
attention of the public.
Sentence with from plus which, from the verb in the attributive clause with, suffer from.
2) English is a useful tool in which I can communicate with foreign
friends.
this sentence in plus which, and the first word with the first vocabulary language, so use in.. the
smart wisdom wrong, because the indiscriminate use of the relations vice; Vice
relations, relations vice, will be missing the guest of honor it could not;
it live, it could not play the cool of a relative pronoun;
relationship adverb adverbial attributive clause, where do Where there is smoke, when a time adverbial, why do reason adverbial, but Pay particular attention to the missing in the attributive clause is not adverbial, but as subject, object or predicative, do not use the relationship between an adverb, but rather use the relative pronoun. For example:
1) I still remember the days _____ we spent together in the Mark (Choir) last
summer.
Look at the attributive clause The missing sentence elements, spent is transitive, missing object, and therefore can not fill in when, and to use the relationship between pronouns which or that.
2) This is the house ______ his grandfathers once lived in.
look at the missing sentence elements in the attributive clause, lived in, obviously missing object, in prepositions, prepositions, there should be an object, so we can not fill the where
use which or that.
3) Is that the reason _______ you explained to the teacher for your being
late for school?
look at the attributive clause The missing sentence elements, explain, should be with the double object, the lack of an object, and therefore can not be why, to use which or that.
10. only remember above can not be special circumstances, to tell you;
first way to do adverbial, in. which / that / skip can
the antecedent is the way, that way, in a manner adverbial attributive clause, the subsequent relationship between the word can have three approaches, namely: in which / that or omitted.
listen:
I like the way he smiles.
I like the way that he smiles.
I like the way in which he smiles.
one of complex, first, from the predicate complex,
one if only / very, from which the predicate set with a single;
listen:
Ling Qing is one of the volunteers who are ready to go to the countryside.
Ling, Qing is the only one of the volunteers who is ready to go to the countryside of the
set from the name from a conversion, all that was what to change;
nominal can be converted into a sentence what / whatever / whoever the words in the sentence, subject, object or predicative, the attributive clause. Listen:
1) I do not believe whatever he says. = I do not believe anything (that) he
says.
2) Whoever breaks the law will be punished. = Anyone who breaks the law
will be punished.
3) The driver didn hear what the policeman said. = The driver didn
hear the words that the policeman said.
4) The students can do all (that) they can to help the old teacher. = The < br />
students can do what they can to help the old teacher.
attributive clause exercises:
1. There is somebody here ______ wants to speak to you.
A. that B. who C. which D. when
2. Charles Smith, ______ was my former teacher, retired last year.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
3. This novel, ______ I have read three times, is very touching.
A. that B. / C. which D. what
4. He seems not to have grasped what I meant, _____ greatly upsets me.
A.what B. who C . whom D. which
5. Do you like the book ______ color is yellow?
A. which B. which C. whose D. whom
< br /> 6. The school in ______ he once studied is very famous.
A. where B. which C. that D. who
7. We l go to hear the famous singer _______ we have often talked about.
A. for whom B. on who C. / D. which
8. He loved his parents deeply, both of ______ are very kind to him.
A. them B. that C. who D. whom
9. There are forty students in our class in all, and most of ______ are
from big cities.
A. whom B. which C. whom D.them
10. The reason ______ which he refused the invitation is not clear.
A. why B. for C. on D. that
11. This is the mountain village _______ I visited last year. < br />
A. / B. where C. at which D. in which
12. I l never forget the days _______ I spent in the countryside.
A. which B. when C. with whom D. on which
13. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
14. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
15. _______ spits in public will be punished here.
A. Whoever B. Who C. Whom D. Whose
16. _______ we know, smoking is harmful to one health.
A. Which B. Who C. Like D. As
17. The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could
expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
18. I have got into the same trouble________he (has).
A. that B. as C. like D. which
19. Finally, the thief handed everything _______ he had stolen to the < br />
police.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
20. After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing _______ he
owned.
A. as B. that C. which D. where
21. Can you remember the scientist and his theory _______ we have learned?
A. that B. who C. which D. as
22. Do you remember the day ______ you joined our club?
A. in which B. The that C. The which D. when
object clause] Memorize object clause
[object from sentence verses three sisters
object clause, that, if / whether, wh-/how, style show.
exhibition style, three-level, guide words, word order, tense in the gatekeeper.
main tense, the statement word order never changed.
statement you choose that doubt need to use the if / whether even.
special questions for guests from the original ask that the words do not change.
three tests after Mo proud person, and punctuation must be noted.
pay attention to the change of face if / when, clause simplifies remember the heart.
verses decode]
a three sisters
object clause according to the guide word can be divided into three types:
1. that the object clause. Such as:
Web knew (that) we should learn from the each other.
2. Boot if / whether the object clause. Such as:
Please tell me if / whether you have been to America.
3. Who, where, how to connect the pronoun or connection Whichever of the object clause. Such as:
Can you the tell me the how the I can get to the nearest post office?
two, three off
1. guide word off
If the clause is a statement to guide words that (that in spoken or informal stylistic often omitted); if the clause is a general question, to guide the word of if / whether; if the clause is special questions, and guide words with the wh-word conversion from interrogative pronouns / adverbs.
2. word order off
1 declarative sentence becomes the object clause, word order unchanged, and still use the statement word order. Such as:
He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → of The teacher said (that) he was an
honest boy.
② general questions and special questions become the object clause, word order becomes the statement word order. Such as:
Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if / whether he works hard.
When did he leave? I do not know. → I do not know when he left.
Tense off
1 if the main clause is the present tense, clause tense according to the actual situation. Such as:
the I have heard (that) he will come back next week.
② If the main clause of some sort in the past tense, then the clause when the state must use a certain tense past. Such as:
He said (that) there were no classes yesterday.
Note: If the object clause expressed in objective truth, and natural phenomena, regardless of the main sentence what state, the clause should use the present tense. Such as:
He said that the light travels much faster than sound.
Person changes and the use of punctuation
1. Clause
